This will probably bring an additional demand for trained catastrophe model and risk-management experts. United Parcel Services - Boeing 747, N571UP, crashed at an abandoned military base near Dubai, 3 September 2010. In these instances, the code is allocated based upon the year the accident occurred, followed by an alphabet suffix. 7500 Security Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21244. You will soon be redirected to the 3E website. Our three-year blueprint for the future shows the way toward building on existing strengths. OECD; Posted 19 Oct 2021 Originally published 19 Oct 2021 Origin . As of January 2023. XCS will enter this Cat Code when requested by leaders to do so. Catastrophe codes issued in calendar year 2005: Catastrophe codes issued in calendar year 2004: Catastrophe codes issued in calendar year 2003: The report uses insurer data and insights to review the last 12 months of extreme weather events and advocate for changes to lessen the impact of future events. TWIA's 2021 Annual Report, covering the period . Find contact information for insurance departments and local insurance agents, or file a complaint. We do not offer direct consumer advice or services but we want to help you find what you're looking for in our contact directory. Source: National Interagency Fire Center. Discover tools and resources to help you understand different types of insurance, claims processes, and practical tips to help support you through every stage of your life. details. Catastrophe codes issued in calendar year 2016. While Hurricane Ida was the year's costliest natural disaster, more than half of the year's losses resulted from secondary perils, according to preliminary sigma estimates from the Swiss . Hurricanes since Katrina have highlighted the impact additional factors can have on losses, such as demand surge, evacuation, sociological risks, and political influence. "October is typically . 1991-2023 National Association of Insurance Commissioners. Gol Lineas Aereas Boeing 737-800, PR-GTD, operating Flight 1907, Manaus Brasilia, Brasil destroyed with 155 passenger and crew fatalities following mid-air collision with Embraer EMB-135BJ Legacy 600, N600XL, 30km from Peixoto de Azevedo, Brasil 29 September 2006. Ranked on insured losses in 2021 dollars. All Rights Reserved. In 2021, individuals with Part D plans will pay a minimum of $9.20 for a brand-name medication and $3.70 for a generic drug (or 5% of retail costs, depending on which is higher), according to the . Your tax credit is based on the income estimate and household information you put on your Marketplace application. Aircraft extensively damaged rendering it a constructive total loss. Direct losses result from incidents such as damage to physical structures and contents, deaths, and injuries. Claims will be triaged to direct urgent assistance to the worst-affected property owners. In other instances, CBCI can offer the community If the page has not redirected, please visit the 3E site here. Copyright 2023, Insurance Information Institute, Inc. Insurers mobilise their disaster response specialists to assist their affected customers with claims and assessments as soon as emergency services say it is safe to do so. For copies of bulletins, please contact us at 512-676-6585 or via email at: [email protected] Access forms and tools to file expense reports, review grant and zone scholarship balances, and travel guidelines. As of January 2023. Claims Storm and Event Tracking Reports provides the latest information on UK adverse weather from 5 December 2013 including storms, high winds and flooding following storms. The report also provides an update on community recovery from the Black Summer and outlines six policy changes that insurers believe are necessary to improve the preparation for and response to future natural disasters. Single Losses. Loss of Mitsui OSK Lines containership MOL Comfort in the Indian Ocean en route between Singapore and Saudi Arabia, losses between initial cracking of vessel reported on 17 June 2013, and 10 July 2013 when the second half of the vessel finally sank. Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Information Services contains information from the PCS Background on: Climate change and insurance issues. However, higher resolutions bring higher uncertainty and sensitivity in modeled results. Companies must file their reports under the statistical plan. Losses arising from heavy rainfall starting on 12 January 2011, and ensuing flooding continuing through to the present day affecting Victoria, Australia. United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Find and access the services you need to do your job. Depending on the source, these modules names can slightly vary, but the underlying function of the modules remains the same. ContactTed Gregory | Director of Operations, PCS, Privacy Notices | Conditions of Use | Cookie Preferences 2008, Verisk Analytics, Inc. All rights reserved.USA: 1-800-888-4476 Global: + 800 48977489. Mitigation and Building Code Workshop - March 2021. Catastrophe codes issued in calendar year 2014. have occurred on a monthly and quarterly basis, along with periodic news Tornado affecting Oklahoma City and environs, Central European flooding following heavy rainfall in Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic, and possibly other areas, Flooding following heavy rainfall in Alberta, Asiana Airways 777-200ER Registration HL 7742 crash landing at San Francisco International Airport. Severe storm crossed over Amsterdam Schipol Airport and Woensdrecht Airfield in the Netherlands. They may be an affordable way to protect yourself from worst-case scenarios, like getting seriously sick or injured. Catastrophe models incorporate advancing technology, scientific insight, engineering methods, and statistical data analysis to model complex scenarios and events. Based on the estimated probability of loss, they can estimate a range of direct, indirect, and residual losses. (3) State had no tornadoes in 2022. weather occurrences plus current weather information conditions, tropical storms and land-based events. The ICAs second annual Insurance Catastrophe Resilience Report uses insurer data and insights to review the last 12 months of extreme weather events and advocate for changes to reduce the impact of future events. Loss of Germanwings Flight 9525 over the French Alps on 24 March 2015. Includes hurricanes that occurred through 2021. Model advancements are frequently driven by events revealing deficiencies in a model. The codes are not intended to bind underwriters or their reinsurers, but are merely to assist underwriters in identifying the various interests involved. Map of all ZIP Codes in Utah. (1) Natural disasters that cause at least $25 million in insured losses; or 10 deaths; or 50 people injured; or 2,000 filed claims or homes and structures damaged. Some plans cover more services. Tornadoes affecting Tennessee, United States commencing 2 March 2020, Severe weather occurring on 12 and 13 April 2020 in the State of South Carolina, Tornadoes affecting Tennessee, United States, commencing 12 April 2020, Hailstorm affecting Calgary, Alberta, 13 June 2020, Explosion in the Port of Beirut, Lebanon, 4 August 2020, Hurricane Isaias commencing 31 July 2020 affecting the Bahamas, Hurricane Isaias commencing 31 July 2020 affecting Florida, Hurricane Isaias commencing 31 July 2020 affecting South Carolina, Hurricane Isaias commencing 31 July 2020 affecting North Carolina, Hurricane Isaias commencing 31 July 2020 affecting Virginia, Hurricane Isaias commencing 31 July 2020 affecting Delaware, Hurricane Isaias commencing 31 July 2020 affecting New Jersey, Hurricane Isaias commencing 31 July 2020 affecting New York State, Hurricane Laura commencing 23 August 2020 affecting Louisiana, Hurricane Laura commencing 23 August 2020 affecting Texas, California Wildfires commencing 1 July 2020, Derecho severe weather situation affecting the US mid-west including Iowa, Illinois and other States commencing 10 August 2020, Hurricane Sally commencing 14 September 2020, Hurricane Delta commencing 5 October 2020, Hurricane Zeta commencing 24 October 2020, Oregon Wildfires commencing 5 August 2020, Hurricane Iota commencing 15 November 2020, Brumadinho dam burst in Minas Gerais, Brazil, on 29 January 2019, Hurricane Dorian commencing 26 August 2019 affecting the Caribbean/Bahamas, Hurricane Dorian commencing 26 August 2019 affecting the Bahamas, Hurricane Dorian commencing 26 August 2019 affecting Canada, Hurricane Dorian commencing 26 August 2019 affecting the Eastern Caribbean including Barbados, USVI and Puerto Rico, Hurricane Dorian commencing 26 August 2019 affecting Florida, Hurricane Dorian commencing 26 August 2019 affecting South Carolina, Hurricane Dorian commencing 26 August 2019 affecting North Carolina, Typhoon Faxai commencing 6 September 2019, Typhoon Hagibis commencing 10 October 2019, Californian Wildfires 2019 (Generic Code for wildfires without a specific Code) from January 2019 onwards, Kincade Wildfire commencing 23rd October 2019, Winter storm affecting the United States Eastern Seaboard and parts of Canada, commencing 3 January 2018, Kilauea, volcanic eruption affecting Hawaii, commencing 3 May 2018, Carr Wildfire, Redding, and affecting Shasta County and Trinity County, California, commencing 23 July 2018, Ranch Fire (Mendocino Complex) affecting Colusa County, Lake County and Mendocino County, commencing 27 July 2018, Hurricane Lane, commencing 22 August 2018, affecting Hawaii, Hurricane Florence commencing 4 September 2018, Hurricane Florence beginning 4 September 2018, affecting North Carolina, Hurricane Florence beginning 4 September 2018, affecting South Carolina, Typhoon Mangkhut commencing 9 September 2018, Hurricane Michael commencing 6 October 2018, Camp Wildfire, California, commencing 8 November 2018, Woolsey Wildfire, California, commencing 8 November 2018, Losses arising from the Lurssen Shipyard fire damaging superyacht Sassi, on 14 September 2018, Chile wildfires which began in the Valparaiso hillsides, commenced 2 January 2017, Tornadoes in South-Eastern United States, commenced 7 February 2017, Peruvian floods, commencing 13 March 2017. Select your PCS (3) Includes losses sustained by private insurers and government-sponsored programs such as the National Flood Insurance Program. Please return the form to ISO at [email protected]. Issue:A catastrophemodel (or cat model)is a computerized process that simulatespotential catastrophic events and estimates the amount of loss due to the events. Bulletins A list of catastrophe contacts for each state can be found by clicking on the following link: . PCS estimates are widely accepted as triggers in many traded financial market instruments, including exchange-traded futures and options, catastrophe bonds, catastrophe swaps, industry loss warranties (ILWs), and other catastrophe derivative instruments. PCSs long-standing reputation for accurately defining and tracking catastrophes helps to reduce disputes between primary insurers and reinsurers, saving the industry millions of dollars in staff and legal expenses each year. Flooding of the Susquehanna River, New York, Ethiopian Airlines B737-800, ET-ANB flight number ET409, crashed into the sea of Beirut shortly after take off in bad weather 25 January 2010, US snowstorms and winter weather, affecting Eastern Seaboard, USA. All Rights Reserved. The aircraft is a constructive total loss. Cat Model Basics:Cat models are designed to quantify the financial impact of a range of potential future disasters. To: If the company does not know the ZIP code but knows the claim resulted from the event, the company should report the claim as ZIP code "99999." For automobile insurance, if the company does not know the ZIP code of the claim location, then the company must report the ZIP code where the vehicle is principally garaged. into your own system. Infographic: Hurricane Deductibles. CRS Communities can receive credits for Department of Insurance participation in consumer events. a physical damage loss on a factory located in Ukraine), Losses indirectly arising from, or in consequence of, Russias invasion of Ukraine commencing February 2022 (including losses caused by the impact of, Hurricane Nicole in the period 10 November 2022 and 14 November 2022, Storm Elliot in the period 22 December 2022 and 26 December 2022, Atmospheric rivers, California, USA. Catastrophe modeling: A vital tool in . Adjusted for inflation by Aon using the U.S. Consumer Price Index. The insurance industry plays a vital role in helping individuals and businesses prepare for and recover from the potentially devastating effects of a disaster such as a catastrophic hurricane or storm or wildfire. 2,000 filed claims or homes and structures damaged. First-quarter catastrophe losses will inhibit performance for 2021, but ultimate results will hinge more on the volume and severity of tropical storms and wildfires events as the year progresses. It could complement traditional catastrophe insurance markets by providing supplemental financial protection to community members in the event of a disaster or be used as full-limit, single-peril property protection in areas with high risk. The PCS catastrophe serial number lets insurers track losses and reserves related to a single discrete event. Explore our open opportunities for your chance to join our team. For example, the 250-year PML represents the 99.6 percentile of the annual loss distribution. The Handbook explores catastrophe computer models and issues that have arisen or can be expected to arise from their use. Information on catastrophes, including earthquakes, terrorism, hurricanes, wildfires and tornadoes is provided in the Supporting resiliency and disaster recovery"section of the Firm Foundation (see chapter navigation on the left). Utah adopt the the International Residential Code 2021 (IRC 2021), and the International Fire Code 2021 (IFC 2021). Slave Lake fire, Alberta, Canada, starting 14 May 2011 and continuing 15 and 16 May 2011, Loss of Asiana Airlines Cargo Boeing 747-400F, registration HI 7604 on 28 July 2011 following a reported in-flight fire, Losses arising from civil disturbances in England, 6 August - 10 August 2011, Losses arising from Hurricane Irene, affecting Puerto Rico, Bahamas and Eastern Seaboard of United States and Canada from 22 August to 29 August 2011, Losses arising from New Zealand earthquake at Sumner, 13 June 2011, Texas wildfires from 30 August and continuing through September 2011, including Bastrop County fire. Select a state or jurisdiction for insurance department contact information. The Academy also develops and upholds actuarial practice standards, qualification requirements, and the Code of Professional Conduct for all actuaries practicing in the United States. Cyclone Yasi - 2-3 February 2011, affecting Queensland, New Zealand earthquake affecting Christchurch and surrounding area on 22 February 2011, Japanese earthquake and ensuing tsunami, 11 March 2011. Confidential informationUnder Insurance Code Section 38.001(d), a response made under this sectionwhether to a statistical agent or to TDIthat is otherwise privileged or confidential by law remains privileged or confidential until introduced into evidence at an administrative hearing or in a court. (1) Includes Puerto Rico. Losses arising from Flooding in Queensland from 26 December 2010, Windstorm Klaus, affecting France and Spain. A set of 10 categories of services health insurance plans must cover under the Affordable Care Act. In these instances, when there is no way to ascertain whether the parameters or distributions are correct, the models incorporate informed judgement and subjectivity. impact of catastrophes through selected reports and search criteria. Severe Weather Summaries contains daily descriptions of severe Continental Airlines/Colgan Air Flight 3407 Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 crashed en route to Buffalo New York. P-51D Mustang, registration N79111 crashed into a grandstand at the Reno Air Races, Nevada, USA, killing 11 people and injuring at least 69. Please sign in to access member exclusive content. Unique to prior hurricanes, Katrina in 2005 resulted in more losses from secondary flooding than the original wind generated catastrophe. Companies that registered with ISO in response to Bulletin B-0040-20 do not need to register again. catastrophe insurance mechanisms. 2021 Global Modeled Catastrophe Losses 4 2021 AIR Worldwide Introduction Every year since 2012, AIR Worldwide (AIR) has published a report on extreme event risk from a global perspective. View actions considered by committees, task forces, and subgroups, as well as charges, schedules, and staff links. the end of 1997. Catastrophe Air France, A330 200 registration F-GZCP lost over Atlantic Ocean, Yemenia Airbus A310-300, registration 70-ADJ, crashed while en route from Sana'a in Yemen to Moroni in the Comoros Islands on 30 June 2009. Debbie was downgraded to tropical low late on 28 March 2017 and the weather system continued to spread from QLD into NSW. Companies are required to report data for all lines listed under the statistical plan. Professional development for state insurance regulators and industry professionals. Caribbean Airlines B737-800 registration 9Y-PBM ran off the end of the runway over a steep embankment on landing at Cheddi Jagan International Airport, Guyana. As of February 2, 2022. Heavy rainfall and ensuing flodding in Thailand from early October 2011, and ongoing. Typhoon Hato, commenced 20 August 2017, affecting Hong Kong, Macau and South China, Hurricane Harvey, commenced 24 August 2017, affecting Texas, Hurricane Harvey, 30 August 2017, affecting Louisiana, Hurricane Irma, 1 September 2017 to 10 September 2017, affecting Caribbean and non-US mainland, Hurricane Irma, 10 September 2017, affecting Florida, Storm Irma, commencing 11 September 2017, affecting Alabama, Storm Irma, commencing 11 September 2017, affecting Georgia, Storm Irma, commencing 11 September 2017, affecting South Carolina, Hurricane Maria, 17 September 2017, affecting Caribbean, Mexico Earthquake, 19 September 2017 - central Mexico, Mexico City, states of Puebla and Morelos and surrounding areas, Hurricane Nate, commencing 5 October 2017, affecting non-US and US mainland, Hurricane Nate, commencing 7 October 2017, affecting Louisiana, Hurricane Nate, commencing 7 October 2017, affecting Mississippi, Northern California wildfires commencing 8 October 2017, Atlas Fire - Lake Berryessa and affecting Napa County commencing 8 October 2017, Tubbs Fire - Calistoga and affecting Santa Rosa region commencing 8 October 2017, Thomas wildfire, Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties, commencing 4 December 2017, Japan, Kumamoto Earthquake between 14 and 16 April 2016, Wildfire - Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada commencing 1 May 2016, Texas Hail event commencing 10 April 2016, Losses arising from flooding in the US state of Louisiana commencing 12 August 2016, Losses arising from the 'Blue Cut' wildfire in San Bernadino County, California commencing 16 August 2016, Hurricane Hermine, commenced 2 September 2016, Typhoon Meranti, also known in the Philippines as Typhoon Ferdie, commenced 8 September 2016, Hurricane Matthew, commencing 29 September 2016 - for alllosses occurring in other states/locations not listed below, Hurricane Matthew - for losses occurring in Caribbean, Hurricane Matthew - for losses occurring in Florida, Hurricane Matthew - for losses occurring in Georgia, Hurricane Matthew - for losses occurring in North Carolina, Hurricane Matthew - for losses occurring in South Carolina, Hurricane Nicole, commencing 4 October 2016, New Zealand Earthquake (magnitude 7.8), South Island near Hammer Springs, 14 November 2016. Catastrophe codes issued in calendar year 2012. Having a problem with an insurance company or agent? Catastrophe models have been rapidly evolving since their introduction in the 1980s. Persons per household, 2017-2021. . A scope of works is a document that sets out what damage to your property is covered by your insurance policy. ISO Electronic Numerical Listings of Classification Codes, Verisk Announces Sale of 3E Business to New Mountain Capital, is a recognized worldwide authority on property catastrophe losses, is committed to serving the global insurance and reinsurance industry, has more than 60 years experience identifying catastrophes and compiling proprietary catastrophe loss estimates, provides insurers and reinsurers, through license agreements, use of PCS catastrophe information to help with their financial needs. HomeInsurance Catastrophe Resilience Report 2021-22 The ICA's second annual Insurance Catastrophe Resilience Report uses insurer data and insights to review the last 12 months of extreme weather events and advocate for changes to reduce the impact of future events. These include doctors' services, inpatient and outpatient hospital care, prescription drug coverage, pregnancy and childbirth, mental health services, and more. We do not offer direct consumer advice or services but we want to help you find what you're looking for in our contact directory. They are intended to inform users on where future events are likely to occur and how intense they are likely to be. An insurance industry taskforce is established to identify and address insurance related issues arising from the natural disaster. After you spend the deductible amount, your insurance company pays for all covered services, with no, Like other plans, Catastrophic plans cover certain. Subject to change as loss estimates are further developed. Sources of residual loss include demand surge, labor delays, and inflation in material costs. Catastrophe insurance protects businesses and residences against natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes, and against human-made disasters such as a riot or terrorist. In addition, the section below provides state catastrophe rankings, followed by information on the following types of disasters: (1) Hailstones one inch in diameter or larger. Typhoon Chan-hom (Falcon) affecting China, Taiwan, South and North Korea et al from 30 June 2015 to 15 July 2015, Typhoon Souledor affecting Saipan, Taiwan, East China et al, 2/3 August 2015, Warehouse explosions in Tianjin, 12 August 2015, South California wildfires - the Butte fire in Calaveras and Amador Counties on 9 September 2015, The Valley fire in Lake, Napa and Sonoma Counties on 12 September 2015, Hurricane Patricia, 20 October to 24 October, Southern India Flooding between November - December 2015, Samarco Dam burst in Minas Gerais, Brazil on 5 November 2015, Malaysian Airlines, Loss of B777-200ER, 9M-MRI, on 8 March 2014, Attacks on Tripoli Airport from 13 July 2014, Loss of Malaysian Airways flight MH17 over Ukraine, Hurricane Odile - 13 to 19 September 2014, Brisbane and South-East Queensland storm, 27 - 28 November 2014, Loss of Air Asia QZ8501 over the Java Sea, 28 December 2014, Cyclone Oswald affecting Queensland and New South Wales, Australia, Destruction of Intelstat 27 (IS-27) Satellite following malfunction of launch vehicle. Aerocarribbean S.A. ATR 72, registration CU-T1549, crashed 4 November 2010 during a domestic flight in the remote area of Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. The San Francisco earthquake of 1906: An insurance perspective. 2021 Insurance Council of Australia Limited. Access public conference call documents and information. Catastrophe codes issued in calendar year 2013. Home Insurance Catastrophe Resilience Report 2021-22. A set of 10 categories of services health insurance plans must cover under the Affordable Care Act. Includes losses sustained by private insurers and government-sponsored programs such as the National Flood Insurance Program. Infographic: Hurricane Katrina 10 Years Later. These companies will still be required to respond to TDI's bulletin as provided in the statistical plan. The Insurance Council of Australias second annual Insurance Catastrophe Resilience Report highlights the impact of climate change on the availability and affordability of insurance due to worsening extreme weather. Two consecutive years of record activity and losses brought a new focus on the impact of aggregate losses from multiple hurricanes. Hurricane Ingrid affecting Gulf of Mexico between 12 and 17 September 2013, Hurricane Manuel affecting Mexico between 13 and 19 September 2013, Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) affecting Philippines, Eastern Samar, South China Sea, Vietnam etc between 8 November 2013 and 11 November 2013, Cold weather/freeze affecting USA and Canada starting from 30 December 2013 and including storm on 2 January 2014 and ongoing, including what has been called "Polar vortex storm", Losses arising from the grounding and partial capsize of 'Costa Concordia' off Isola del Giglio, Italy, Tornadoes affecting Ohio Valley, including Alabama, Indiana, Kentucky and Ohio - 2-3 March 2012, Mexican earthquake at Oaxaca, Mexico (16.493 n 98.231), Tornadoes affecting Central Plains including Oklahoma, Italian earthquake in Northern Italy (44.920 n 11.330 e), Italian earthquake at Medolla, Italy (44.833 n 11.103 e), Tropical Storm/Hurricane Isaac - 22 August 2012 and ongoing, Hurricane Sandy Provisionally from 24 October 2012 (Caribbean) and ongoing. This has led to a growing movement towards open models. Discover our suite of tools and technologies to support your business needs. PCS assigns a catastrophe serial number to loss events in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands that cause $25 million or more in insured property losses and affect a significant number of policyholders and insurers. Catastrophe Management Manual including Adjuster Licensing Laws, Valued (1) Ranked by total number of tornadoes. The assumptions and parameter values/distributions are subjected to various statistical tests. Ranked on insured losses in 2021 dollars. Check if you qualify for a Special Enrollment Period. Stop.Call.Confirm is a registered service markof the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. But you pay most routine medical expenses yourself. Documents exposed by various committee workgroups. Top 10 Costliest Natural Catastrophes, United States (1) ($ millions) (1) Natural disasters that cause at least $25 million in insured losses; or 10 deaths; or 50 people injured; or 2,000 filed claims or homes and structures damaged. Catastrophe eventReporting is required for the February 2021 Texas winter weather event that took place starting on February 11, 2021, through February 19, 2021, throughout Texas. Subject to change as loss estimates are further developed. Membership lists, services and education to serve you and your mission. (1) Natural disasters that cause at least $25 million in insured losses; or 10 deaths; or 50 people injured; or 2,000 filed claims or homes and structures damaged. Codes can be allocated to a single loss occurring on a specified date or to a single loss incurred over a number of days. While many catastrophe models are focused on extreme weather events, catastrophe models can be used to minimize loss events from other crises and situations, such as warfare, terrorism, insurrection, cyber breaches, etc. by date, state and perils. A loss attributable to a common cause which occurs over a period of time and is not date specific is assigned a code which may be prefixed by * or !. Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Research and analysis on important insurance issues. News provides reports that summarize catastrophe losses that Subsequent reports are due monthly, at the end of each month. Aeroflot Nord B737-500, registration VP-BKO on 14 September 2008. Several buildings were damaged along with their contents and thirty seven military vehicles completetely destroyed. It offers you a flexible delivery method that gives you fast, easy access to severe weather and catastrophe Catastrophe TDI is seeking only property insurance information for the 2021 winter weather event. Any questions about registering with ISO should be sent to [email protected]. Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. January 1, 1998, please use the Catastrophe Bulletins section above. Explore future meetings and access past event documents. Representatives from diverse groups who provide varied perspectives on insurance regulatory issues. Fighting wildfires with innovation. (4) The U.S. total will not match data used in other charts because it counts tornadoes that cross state lines.